{"id":6134,"date":"2013-06-27T16:58:37","date_gmt":"2013-06-27T16:58:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/?p=6134"},"modified":"2013-06-27T16:58:37","modified_gmt":"2013-06-27T16:58:37","slug":"the-glue-holding-america-together","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/the-glue-holding-america-together\/","title":{"rendered":"The Glue Holding America Together"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1>As it fragments into various camps, the country is being held together by a common popular culture.<\/h1>\n<p>by Victor Davis Hanson<\/p>\n<p><em>National Review Online<\/em><\/p>\n<p>By\u00a0a.d.\u00a0200, the\u00a0Roman Republic\u00a0was a distant memory. Few citizens of the global\u00a0Roman Empire even knew of their illustrious ancestors like Scipio or Cicero. Millions no longer spoke Latin. Italian emperors were a rarity. There were no national elections.<!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Yet\u00a0Rome\u00a0endured as a global power for three more centuries. What held it together?<\/p>\n<p>A stubborn common popular culture and the prosperity of Mediterranean-wide standardization kept things going. The Egyptian, the Numidian, the Iberian, and the Greek assumed that everything from Roman clay lamps and glass to good roads and plentiful grain was available to millions throughout the Mediterranean world.<\/p>\n<p>As long as the sea was free of pirates, thieves were cleared from the roads, and merchants were allowed to profit, few cared whether the lawless Caracalla or the unhinged Elagabalus was emperor in distant\u00a0Rome.<\/p>\n<p>Something likewise both depressing and encouraging is happening to the\u00a0United States. Few Americans seem to worry that our present leaders have lied to or misled Congress and the American people without consequences.<\/p>\n<p>Most young people cannot distinguish the First Amendment from the Fourth Amendment \u2014 and do not worry about the fact that they cannot. Washington, Jefferson, and Lincoln are mere names of grammar schools, otherwise unidentifiable to most.<\/p>\n<p>Separatism is believed to bring dividends. Here in\u00a0California, universities conduct separate graduation ceremonies predicated on race \u2014 sometimes difficult given the increasingly mixed ancestry of Americans.<\/p>\n<p>As in\u00a0Rome, there is a vast disconnect between the elites and the people. Almost half of Americans receive some sort of public assistance, and almost half pay no federal income tax. About one-seventh of Americans are on food stamps.<\/p>\n<p>Yet housing prices in elite enclaves \u2014\u00a0Manhattan,\u00a0Cambridge,\u00a0Santa Monica,\u00a0Palo Alto\u00a0\u2014 are soaring. The wealthy like to cocoon themselves in Roman-like villas, safe from the real-life ramifications of their own utopian ideology.<\/p>\n<p>The government and the media do their best to spread the ideals of radical egalitarianism while avoiding offense to anyone. There is no official War on Terror or against radical Islamism. Instead, in \u201coverseas contingency operations,\u201d we fight \u201cman-caused disasters,\u201d while at home, we deal with \u201cworkplace violence.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In news stories that involve crimes with divisive racial themes, the media frequently paper over information about the perpetrators. But that noble restraint only seems to incite readers. In reckless fashion they often post the most inflammatory online comments about such liberal censorship. Officially,\u00a0America celebrates diversity; privately,\u00a0America\u00a0is fragmenting into racial, political, and ideological camps.<\/p>\n<p>So why is the\u00a0United States\u00a0not experiencing something like the rioting in\u00a0Turkey or\u00a0Brazil, or the murder of thousands in\u00a0Mexico? How are we able to avoid the bloody chaos of Syria, the harsh dictatorships of\u00a0Russia\u00a0and\u00a0China, the implosion of\u00a0Egypt, or the economic hopelessness now endemic in southern\u00a0Europe?<\/p>\n<p>About half of\u00a0America\u00a0and many of its institutions operate as they always have. Caltech and MIT are still serious. Neither interjects race, class, and gender studies into its engineering or physics curricula. Most in the\u00a0IRS, unlike some of their bosses, are not corrupt. For the well driller, the power-plant operator, and the wheat farmer, the lies in\u00a0Washington\u00a0are still mostly an abstraction.<\/p>\n<p>Get up at\u00a0<time>5:30\u00a0<\/time>a.m.\u00a0and you\u2019ll see that your local freeways are jammed with hard-working commuters. They go to work every day, support their families, pay their taxes, and avoid arrest \u2014 so that millions of others do not have to do the same. The\u00a0U.S.\u00a0military still more closely resembles our heroes from World War II than it resembles\u00a0the culture of the Kardashians.<\/p>\n<p>Like diverse citizens of imperial Rome, we are united in some fashion by shared popular tastes and mass consumerism. The cell phones and cars of the poor offer more computing power and better transportation than the rich enjoyed just 20 years ago.<\/p>\n<p>Youth of all races and backgrounds in lockstep fiddle with their cell phones as they walk about. Jeans are an unspoken American uniform \u2014 both for Wall Street grandees and for the homeless on the sidewalks. Left, right, liberal, conservative, professor, and ditch digger have similar-looking Facebook accounts.<\/p>\n<p>If\u00a0Rome\u00a0quieted the people with public spectacles and cheap grain from the provinces, so too Americans of all classes keep glued to favorite video games and reality-TV shows. Fast food is both cheap and tasty. All that for now is preferable to rioting and revolt.<\/p>\n<p>Like\u00a0Rome,\u00a0America\u00a0apparently can coast for a long time on the fumes of its wonderful political heritage and economic dynamism \u2014 even if both are little understood or appreciated by most who still benefit from them.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><em>Victor Davis Hanson is a classicist and historian at the Hoover Institution,<\/em><em>Stanford<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>University<\/em><em>. His new book,\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalreview.com\/redirect\/amazon.p?j=%20160819163X\" target=\"_blank\">The Savior Generals<\/a><em>,\u00a0is just out from<\/em><em>Bloomsbury<\/em><em>\u00a0Press. You can reach him by e-mailing\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:author@victorhanson.com\">author@victorhanson.com<\/a>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>\u00a92013 Tribune Media Services, Inc.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As it fragments into various camps, the country is being held together by a common popular culture. by Victor Davis Hanson National Review Online By\u00a0a.d.\u00a0200, the\u00a0Roman Republic\u00a0was a distant memory. Few citizens of the global\u00a0Roman Empire even knew of their illustrious ancestors like Scipio or Cicero. Millions no longer spoke Latin. Italian emperors were a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false}}},"categories":[86,194],"tags":[1025,417,882,1028,331,374],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p466Sb-1AW","jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":10594,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/diversity-can-spell-trouble\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":0},"title":"Diversity Can Spell Trouble","author":"victorhanson","date":"September 18, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"By Victor Davis Hanson Defining Ideas America is experiencing a diversity and inclusion conundrum\u2014which, in historical terms, has not necessarily been a good thing. Communities are tearing themselves apart over the statues of long-dead Confederate generals. Controversy rages over which slogan\u2014\u201cBlack Lives Matter\u201d or \u201cAll Lives Matter\u201d\u2014is truly racist. Antifa\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Defining Ideas&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Defining Ideas","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/ahref=\/index.php\/categories\/angry-reader\/categorylink\/a\/defining-ideas\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9332,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/walls-and-immigration-ancient-and-modern\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":1},"title":"Walls and Immigration \u2014 Ancient and Modern","author":"victorhanson","date":"June 2, 2016","format":false,"excerpt":"The Roman empire faced a challenge similar to what the EU faces. By Victor Davis Hanson \/\/ National Review Online When standing today at Hadrian\u2019s Wall in\u00a0northern England, everything appears indistinguishably affluent and serene on both sides. It was not nearly as calm some 1,900 years ago. In A.D. 122,\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;UK&quot;","block_context":{"text":"UK","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/ahref=\/index.php\/categories\/angry-reader\/categorylink\/a\/uk\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":6026,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/the-stagnant-mediterranean\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":2},"title":"The Stagnant Mediterranean","author":"victorhanson","date":"June 6, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"Socialism and Islamism don't foster a climate of economic growth and security. by Victor Davis Hanson National Review Online From the heights of Gibraltar you can see Africa about nine miles away to the south \u2014 and gaze eastward on the seemingly endless Mediterranean, which stretches 2,400 miles to Asia.\u00a0Mare\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Economy&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Economy","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/ahref=\/index.php\/categories\/angry-reader\/categorylink\/a\/the-world\/europe\/economy-europe\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4028,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/collapse-of-a-hyperpower\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":3},"title":"Collapse of a &#8220;Hyperpower&#8221;","author":"victorhanson","date":"April 9, 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"A review of\u00a0The Fall of the Roman Empire: A New History of Rome and the Barbarians\u00a0by Peter Heather and\u00a0The Fall of Rome and the End of Civilization\u00a0by Bryan Ward-Perkins. by Victor Davis Hanson The New Criterion After September 11 and the acrimonious war in Iraq, America was castigated as the\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Reviews&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Reviews","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/ahref=\/index.php\/categories\/angry-reader\/categorylink\/a\/opinion\/reviews\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1832,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/why-did-rome-fall-and-why-does-it-matter-now\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":4},"title":"Why Did Rome Fall&#8211;And Why Does It Matter Now?","author":"victorhanson","date":"February 14, 2010","format":false,"excerpt":"by Victor Davis Hanson PJ Media Count the Ways A German scholar twenty years ago listed, I recall, some 210 reasons for the collapse of the Western Empire. Readers, you have heard many of them, plausible and otherwise \u2014 corruption, civil strife, Germanic barbarians, Christianity, lead in the pipes of\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;February 2010&quot;","block_context":{"text":"February 2010","link":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/ahref=\/index.php\/categories\/angry-reader\/categorylink\/a\/archives\/2010\/february-2010\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":4011,"url":"https:\/\/victorhanson.com\/wordpress\/libya-awake-again\/","url_meta":{"origin":6134,"position":5},"title":"Libya Awake Again","author":"victorhanson","date":"April 24, 2006","format":false,"excerpt":"Economy's revitalization shows patterns ancient and modern by Victor Davis Hanson Tribune Media Services The most vibrant cities of the Roman Empire were often not found in Europe. Many were located along the southern and eastern Mediterranean and Aegean, such as Leptis Magna, Ephesus and Pergamum. 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